Correlation between mental health problems with bullying behaviors among primary and middle school students / 中国学校卫生

Objective@#To analyze epidemiological characteristics of campus bullying among primary and middle school students in central China to explore its relation with mental health problems, and to provide a reference for the campus bullying prevention.@*Methods@#Stratified cluster sampling method was used to select primary and middle school 10 581 students from Anyang, Nanyang and Xinxiang cities of Henan Province, Middle School Students Mental Health Scale and the Self designed Scale of Adolescent Bullying Behavior were used to analyze the relationship between mental health problems with campus bullying behavior.@*Results@#The total report rate of bullying penetrator was 12.5% among students in the three cities. Among primary and middle school students with mental health problems such as hostility, interpersonal stress, academic pressure and emotional imbalance, the detection rate of bullying behavior was 24.2%, 20.3%, 19.4% and 20.1%, respectively. The results of multivariate analysis showed that hostility symptoms ( OR =3.78, 95% CI =1.71-8.32), interpersonal stress ( OR =3.50, 95% CI = 1.62 -7.57), academic pressure ( OR = 1.62 , 95% CI =1.21-2.16) and emotional imbalance ( OR =2.80, 95% CI =1.41-5.56) showed a significant impact on campus bullying ( P <0.05).@*Conclusion@#Mental health problems of primary and middle school students are closely related to the occurrence of bullying behavior. It is necessary to pay attention to the mental health education of bullies and intervene bullying behaviors from the source.

Image anatomy of percutaneous retrograde screw fixation of acetabular posterior column / 解剖学报

Objective To investigate the position, direction and fixation range of retrograde screw of the posterior column of acetabulum based on CT data. Methods Totally 100 cases (50 males, 50 females) of normal adult pelvic CT data were collected from the First Affilated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University. The pelvis was reconstructed by Mimics 17. 0 software and imported into Geomagic Studio 2015 software. The virtual screw was placed in the posterior column from the ischial tuberosity to the iliac fossa, the maximum diameter, the entrance point, the exit point, the direction, safe fixation inclination angles of the screw were measured. The range of the screw fixing, the best fluoroscopic views and the easy-to-penetrate site of the screw in the posterior column were assessed. Results The safe corridor the posterior column of the acetabulum was similar to the "triangular prism" shape. The entrance point was located on the midline of the medial edge and lateral edge of the ischial tuberosity, which were ( 12. 99±1. 99) mm in male and ( 13. 26±2. 58) mm in female from farthest end of the ischial tuberosity. There were no stitistical significant differences between male and female ( P > 0. 05). The exit points was located at the iliac fossa, which were (23. 65 ± 2.42) mm in male and ( 24. 94 ± 2. 39) mm in female to the ipsilateral anterior sacroiliac joint line,and ( 19. 33±2. 60) mm in male and (17.63±2.00) mm in female to the arcus marginalis. The maximum diameters of screw were ( 17. 21±1. 41) mm in male and ( 15. 54±1. 51) mm in female. The angles between screw and coronal plane were ( 15. 00±4. 92)° in male and ( 12. 94±4. 72)° in female; the angles between screw and sagittal plane were ( 10. 52 ± 3. 04)° in male and ( 7. 72 ± 2. 99)° in female. The abore data had statistially significant differences between male and female ( P < 0. 05). Percutaneous retrograde screw could fix the acetabular posterior column fracture that below the 4. 0 cm proximal the horizontal plane of the femoral head center. The easy-to-penetrate sites were the junction of the acetabular posterior wall and the sciatic branch ,the middle part of the acetabulum, and below I. 0 cm of the highest point of greater sciatic notch. The tangential position of three lateral faces of the "triangular prism" were ilium oblique position 10° , the ilium Oblique position 60° and obturator Oblique position 60°. Conclusion The entrance point of the retrograde screw is located on the midline of the ischial tuberosity, which is 1. 3 cm from farthest end of the ischial tuberosity and the direction is forward inclination about 15° , external inclination about 10°. The acetabular posterior column fracture that below 4. 0 cm proximal plane to the femoral head center can be fixed by the retrograde screw.

Down-regulated PTTG1 expression promotes the senescence of human prostate cancer LNCaP-AI / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effect of the down-regulated expression of pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) on the senescence of human castration-resistant prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells.@*METHODS@#Human castration-resistant prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells were induced in vitro and transfected with siRNA targeting PTTG1 (the siRNA-PTTG1 group), the reagent lip3000 only (the mock group) or siRNA negative control vector (the NC group). All the cells were cultured in fetal bovine serum (FBS) or charcoal-stripped bovine serum (CSS) and counted with the cell counting chamber. The senescence characteristics of the transfected LNCaP-AI cells were examined by senescence-associated β-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal) staining, and the expressions of the senescence-related β-galactosidase-1-like proteins (Glb1), the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p-21CIP1 and p-27Kip1, and the chromatin-regulating heterochromatin protein 1γ (HP1γ) were detected by Western blot.@*RESULTS@#The expression of PTTG1 in the human prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells was significantly reduced in the siRNA-PTTG1 group compared with those in the mock and NC groups (0.21 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02 and 0.61 ± 0.02, P < 0.05). Culture with FBS markedly increased while that with CSS decreased the number of LNCaP-AI cells transfected with siRNA, but both FBS and CSS enhanced the proliferation of the LNCaP-AI cells in the mock and NC groups. SA-β-Gal staining revealed that reducing the expression of PTTG1 induced a remarkably higher positive rate of the LNCaP-AI cells in the siRNA-PTTG1 than in the mock and NC groups (［63.5 ± 2.35］% vs ［11.3 ± 1.24］% and ［12.4 ± 1.15］%, P < 0.05). The siRNA-PTTG1 group, in comparison with the mock and NC groups, showed a significantly down-regulated expression of PTTG1 (0.21 ± 0.01 vs 0.56 ± 0.02 and 0.61 ± 0.02, P < 0.05), but up-regulated expressions of p-21CIP1 (0.32 ± 0.03 vs 0.20 ± 0.02 and 0.21 ± 0.03, P < 0.05), p-27Kip1 (0.38 ± 0.02 vs 0.20 ± 0.03 and 0.22 ± 0.01, P < 0.05), Glb1 (0.24 ± 0.01 vs 0.13 ± 0.01 and 0.15 ± 0.01, P < 0.05), and HP1γ (0.41 ± 0.01 vs 0.26 ± 0.01 and 0.27 ± 0.02, P < 0.05) in the LNCaP-AI cells.@*CONCLUSIONS@#Down-regulated expression of PTTG1 induces senescence of human castration-resistant prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells.

Downregulation of PTTG1 expression inhibits the proliferation and invasiveness and promotes the apoptosis of human prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells / 中华男科学杂志

Objective@#To investigate the effects of down-regulation of PTTG1 expression on the proliferation, invasiveness and apoptosis of androgen-independent human prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells and their sensitivity to androgen antagonists.@*METHODS@#Human prostate cancer LNCaP-AI cells were transfected with siRNA targeting the PTTG1 gene using the Lipofectamine 2000 transfection reagent. The proliferation, invasiveness and apoptosis of the cells were detected by MTT, Transwell assay and flow cytometry, respectively. The protein expressions of PTTG1, p-Akt, and p-ERK were determined by Western blot and the mRNA expression of PTTG1 measured by agarose gel electrophoresis.@*RESULTS@#The siRNA expression vector markedly down-regulated the expression of PTTG1, which effectively suppressed the proliferation of the LNCaP-AI cells, with the inhibition rates of (19.47 ± 2.12), (24.01 ± 2.13) and (48.02 ± 2.22)% at 24, 48 and 72 hours, respectively, after transfection, with statistically significant differences among the three groups (P <0.05). The number of the cells passing through the polycarbonate film was remarkably decreased at 24, 48 and 72 hours (74.67 ± 9.85, 56.44 ± 8.66 and 37.33 ± 6.14) as compared with the baseline (111.11 ± 13.47) (P <0.01), while the apoptosis rate of the cells was significantly increased at 24, 48 and 72 hours (18.32 ± 0.94), (19.94 ± 1.30) and (21.73 ± 1.88)% in comparison with the baseline (［2.17 ± 0.49］%)， (P <0.05). PTTG1 siRNA combined with androgen antagonist flumatide exhibited even more significant effects in inhibiting the proliferation and promoting the apoptosis of the LNCaP-AI cells than either used alone, and in a flumatide dose-dependent manner. The inhibition and apoptosis rates of the LNCaP-AI cells treated with 50 nmol/L flumatide were (27.13 ± 3.52) and (3.94 ± 0.48)%, and those treated with siRNA + 50 nmol/L flumatide were (67.51 ± 5.13) and (19.93 ± 1.72)%, respectively, both with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P <0.05). The inhibition and apoptosis rates of the cells treated with 100 nmol/L flumatide were (43.72 ± 3.90) and (5.33 ± 0.66)%, and those treated with siRNA + 100 nmol/L flumatide were (73.19 ± 4.78) and (23.43 ± 1.76)%, respectively, both with statistically significant differences between the two groups (P <0.05).@*CONCLUSIONS@#The siRNA expression vector can down-regulate the expression of PTTG1, which can inhibit the proliferation and invasiveness of LNCaP-AI cells, promote their apoptosis, and increase their sensibility to androgen antagonists. Suppressing the expression of PTTG1 may enhance the effect of androgen-deprivation therapy on advanced prostate cancer.

Effects of Buccal Acupuncture on Expression of Plasma Metabolites Spectrum of Rabbits with Rheumatoid Arthritis / 中国中医药信息杂志

Objective To observe the effects of buccal acupuncture therapy and body acupuncture therapy on plasma metabolomites of rheumatoid arthritis rabbits model; To search for the metabolites related to the mechanism of buccal acupuncture and body acupuncture. Methods Sixteen rabbits were made into rheumatoid arthritis models by complete freund's adjuvant before the treatment. The buccal acupuncture group was treated by buccal acupuncture on the knee acupoint; 13 mm × 0.32 mm needle straight 0.2–0.5 mm, twist the main points of stimulation 15 s, once a day. The body acupuncture group was treated by body acupuncture on the Xiyan and Zusanli acupoints; with 13 mm × 0.32 mm needle straight 2–3 mm, every 5 min each time, twisting needle method, 100 times/min for 15 s, once a day. After the continuous treatment for 5 days, UPLC-QTOF/MS was applied to test metabolite from the plasma sample of all groups. Similarity analysis, hierarchical cluster analysis (HCA), principal component analysis (PCA), orthogonal partial least squares-discriminant analysis (OPLS-DA) were applied in this research; meanwhile load analysis method was used to identify the meaningful metabolites. Results The similarity analysis, HCA and PCA all showed the significant difference of endogenous metabolites in plasma samples among the buccal acupuncture group, the body acupuncture, the model group and the blank group. The 4 groups of different plasma sample metabolite were completely separated in three dimensions by OPLS-DA and all the samples were gathered respectively. The load analysis indicated that there were 19 kinds of endogenous metabolites which showed the significant differences between buccal acupuncture group and model group, and also happened between the body acupuncture group and the model group; N-cetyl-L-phenylalanine and 2-phenyl propionate in metabolism of phenylalanine and tyrosine decreased significantly in the buccal acupuncture group while significantly increased in the body acupuncture group. Conclusion There are relative similarity on the mechanism of treating rheumatoid arthritis between buccal acupuncture and body acupuncture. However, N-acetyl-L-phenylalanine and 2-phenyl propionate, as the main potential biomarkers of the difference, indicate that the dissimilarity can be significant.

Comparison of Clinical Curative Effect between Laparoscopic Pancreaticoduodenectomy and Open Pancreaticoduodenectomy on Terminal Bile Duct Carcinoma / 医学研究杂志

Objective To compare the clinical curative effect between laparoscopic pancreaticoduodenectomy (LPD) and open pancreaticoduodenectomy (OPD) in treatment of terminal bile duct carcinoma.Methods Clincal data of 40 patients with advanced terminal bile duct carcinoma who underwent pancreaticoduodenectomy in our hospital from March 2008 to March 2013 were collected,of which 12 patients were in LPD group and 28 patients in OPD group.Results Hospitalization expense and operative time of patients were in LPD group were both more or longer than those of OPD group (P ＜ 0.05),but haemorrhage,pulling out the drainage tube time,pulling out the stomach tube time,active time post-operation,aeration time,absolute resting on bed time,and hospitalization time in LPD group were lower or shorter than those of OPD group (P ＜ 0.05).There were 15 patients suffered with postoperative complication,including 5 patients in LPD group and 10 patients in OPD group,and there was no significant difference between the two groups in total incidence of postoperative complication (P ＞ 0.05).In the specific postoperative complication,the incidences of biliary fistula of LPD group were higher than those of OPD group (P ＜ 0.05),but incidences of pancreatic fistula,systemic infection,pulmonary infection,incision infection,and delayed gastric emptying between two groups were no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05).All patients were followed up for 1-36 months with the median time of 27 months.During the follow-up periods,in LPD group,8 patients suffered with recurrence,6 patients suffered with tumor metastasis,and 8 patients died;in OPD group,18 patients suffered with recurrence,13 patients suffered with tumor metastasis,and 18 patients died.There were no significant difference between two groups in the recurrence rate,metastasis rate,and mortality (P ＞ 0.05).Conclusion According to the results of the current study,for patients with common bile duct cancer,LPD group was superior to OPD group in the postoperative recovery.But compared with OPD group,it had no obvious advantage in reducing biliary fistula,pancreatic fistula,infection,delayed gastric emptying,and so on,and it also had no obvious advantage in improving the long-term survival situation.However,due to the relatively small sample size of the two groups,the results of this study may lead to some bias,the curative effect of two kinds of surgical comparison still need more clinical research to further explore.

Expression of pituitary tumor-transforming gene 1 during the development of androgen-independent prostate cancer / 中华男科学杂志

<p><b>Objective</b>To explore the expression of pituitary tumor transforming gene 1 (PTTG1) during the transformation of prostate cancer from androgen-dependent (ADPC) to androgen-independent (AIPC).</p><p><b>METHODS</b>We established an AIPC cell model LNCaP-AI by culturing the androgen-dependent LNCaP cell line in the hormone-deprived medium for over 3 months. The cell model was verified and the PTTG1 expression in the LNCaP cells was detected by Western blot and RT-PCR during hormone deprivation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The AIPC cell model LNCaP-AI was successfully established. The PTTG1 expression was gradually increased in the LNCaP cells with the prolonged time of hormone deprivation and the expressions of matrix metalloproteinases MMP-2 and -9 were elevated at the same time.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>The expression of PTTG1 is increased gradually in AIPC, which may be a target of gene therapy for advanced prostate cancer.</p>

Efficacy of mitral valve repair for anterior leaflet prolapse of mitral valve / 中华心血管病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To evaluate the therapeutic effects of mitral valve repair for the treatment of the anterior leaflet prolapse of mitral valve.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>From November 1998 to October 2007, 210 patients with severe anterior leaflet prolapse of mitral valve underwent valve repair. The condition of valve was preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative assessed with echocardiography.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>Edge-to-edge repair technique was used in 134 cases (63.8%). The cardiac function was NYHA class I in 168 cases and class II in 40 cases after operation. Patients were followup for 1 - 150 (25.7 +/- 29.0) months, two patients (0.95%) died of postoperative low cardiac output syndrome. Echocardiography examination indicated that the mean JP2 postoperative left atrial diameter was (37.7 +/- 9.2) mm against the preoperative value of (47.5 +/- 12.7) mm (P < 0.05), the mean postoperative left ventricular end-diastolic diameter was (51.7 +/- 7.9) mm against the preoperative value of (67.7 +/- 10.3) mm (P < 0.05), the mean postoperative left ventricular ejection fraction was (62.2 +/- 3.2)% against the preoperative value of (52.2 +/- 6.4)% (P < 0.05), and the mean preoperative regurgitation area was (10.4 +/- 4.1) cm(2) against the postoperative value of (4.1 +/- 1.7) cm(2) (P < 0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Optimal outcome was achieved by appropriate edge-to-edge technique or other mitral valve repair techniques for anterior leaflet prolapse of mitral valve. Edge-to-edge technique is a reliable and efficient surgical technique.</p>

Effects of nuclear factor-kappa B p65 ASODN on transforming growth beta-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 of rat hepatic stellate cells / 中华肝脏病杂志

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the effects of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B p65 ASODN on transforming growth factor beta-1 (TGF beta 1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) of rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC) and the mechanisms of NF-kappa B p65 ASODN in treating liver fibrosis.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Type IV collagen enzyme digestion and density centrifugation methods were used to separate rat hepatic stellate cells. NF-kappa B p65 ASODN was manually synthesized and completely phosphorothioate-modified. The changes of TGF beta 1 and ICAM-1 mRNA were detected by RT-PCR and albumen of TGF beta 1 and ICAM-1 were detected by ELISA. The changes of NF-kappa B activity were determined by ELISA.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>NF-kappa B activity and the expressions of ICAM-1 and TGF beta 1 increased after the HSC were treated by TNF alpha. NF-kappa B activity weakened after being treated with NF-kappa B p65 ASODN (0.001-1.000 micromol/L), P less than 0.05 in a dose dependent manner. Transferring NF-kappa B p65 ASODN (0.001-1.000 micromol/L) also weakened the expression of ICAM-1 and TGF beta 1 mRNA and the protein induced by TNF alpha in HSC. It was also in a dose dependent manner, P less than 0.05.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>After transferring NF-kappa B p65 ASODN into HSC, their NF-kappa B activity decreased, and their mRNA and protein expressions of ICAM-1 and TGF beta 1 also decreased. This may serve as a new way in treating hepatic fibrosis.</p>

Mechanism of acupuncture anesthesia for analgesia of the operative region of thyroid gland / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To probe into peripheral nervous mechanisms of analgesic effect of electroacupuncture (EA) at Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6) on cervical region.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Twenty cases of thyroid disease who wished to receive acupuncture anesthesia, were stimulated with electroacupuncture at bilateral Hegu (LI 4), Neiguan (PC 6) in continued wave, intensity of 6-8 V, frequency of 10-20 Hz. After stimulation for 40 min, the operation was made. Before EA stimulation, 10 min, 20 min and 30 min after EA stimulation, changes of the physiologi cal functions including latent period, conduction velocity, wave peak amplitude of great auricular nerve were monitored and changes of pain sense were detected.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After EA given at Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6) for 10 min, 20 min and 30 min, the pain sense significantly decreased (P<0.01), the latent period of great auricular nerve was shortened, and the conduction velocity was fastened and the wave peak amplitude raised with significant changes as compared with those before EA stimulation (P<0.01).</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>EA at Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6) can produce a better analgesic effect on cervical region; EA at Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6) induces electro-physio logic changes of the nerve innervating the cervical region, showing increase of excitability; the nerves innervating Hegu (LI 4) and Neiguan (PC 6) and the nerves of cervical region possibly are homologous nerves.</p>

Effect of electroacupuncture on hemodynamics at peri-intratracheal intubation period under general anesthesia / 中国针灸

<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To observe effect of electroacupuncture on hemodynamics at peri-intratracheal intubation period under general anesthesia.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Sixty cases at peri-intratracheal intubation period under general anesthesia were randomly divided into electroacupuncture group [Before anesthesia induction, electroacupuncture stimulation was given at Neiguan (PC 6), Hegu (LI 4), Quchi (LI 11), Shenmen (HT 7)], and control group, 30 cases in each group. All the patients in the two groups received intratracheal intubation with light-guide laryngoscopy under general anesthesia with midazolam, fentanyl, isopropyl, succinylcholine, etc.; changes of various indexes of hemodynamics were detected at anesthesia induction and different time points of the intubation.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>At the anesthesia induction, various indexes of hemodynamics in the electroacupuncture group were relatively stable, and decreased significantly in the control group (P < 0.01); during intratracheal intubation, the various indexes in the electroacupuncture group (P < 0.05) and in the control group (P < 0.01) increased significantly as compared with those before anesthesia induction; 5 min after intubation, the various indexes in both the two groups restored normal.</p><p><b>CONCLUSION</b>Electroacupuncture at Neiguan (PC 6) and other points can stabilize changes of hemodynamics at the intratracheal intubation and increase safety of operation under anesthesia.</p>

Detection of meningeal bacteris in cerebrospinal fluid by multiplex PCR

Semi-nested multiplex PCR was used for rapid detection of Haemophilus influenzae, Niesseria meningitidis bacterials and streptococci in cerebrospinal fluid of suspect purulent meningitis patients. The method based on bacterial 16SrRNA gene amplification to be in all bacteria. With high specificity and sensitivity, the method had a detection limit of 10o CFU/ml on S.pneumoniae culture. Tested on 49 cerebrospinal fluid samples, the method detected 14/15 infected samples, in which 3 cases were infected with bacteria other than those investigated

The Progress of Recombinant Escherichia coli for Production of Succinic Acid / 微生物学通报

Succinic acid is regarded as C4 platform chemical, which has a huge potential market with wide applications in biopolymer, food, medicine, and so on. Production of succinic acid by microorganism fer-mentation has attracted much attention in recent times. By fermentation, succinic acid could be produced from renewable resources in place of petroleum with low cost and low pollution; especially CO2 could be fixed by microorganism to form the product, which is a promising way to deal with the green gas. Some E. coli have been chosen as good succinic acid producing strains because of their clear genetic backgrounds, convenience to be modified and controlled, and good growth properties with low nutrients requirements. The progress of genetic engineering strategy and metabolic engineering technology for construction of succinic aicd producing recombinant E. coli has been introduced in this paper with the discussion of the future re-search in this area.

The Application of Ultra High Hydrostatic Pressure in the Screening of Succinic Acid Producing Strain / 微生物学通报

Actinobacillus succinogenes A3 was mutagenized by ultra high hydrostatic pressure for improving the production ability of succinic acid.The effects of pressure,rate of pressure changes and growth periods on the lethality rate of the strain were investigated.The strain in stationary phase was mutagenized at 200 MPa with the pressure changes at the rate of 50 MPa/min.As a result,a mutation strain Actinobacillus succinogenes B19 was obtained,and the concentration of succinic acid could reach 32.2 g/L,which was 17.9%higher than that of the original strain,and in the meanwhile the concentration of acetic acid was decreased by 11.5%.After six generation,the mutant also has good stability of descendiblity for succinic acid production.